1. 概念与架构
SkyWalking是一个开源监控平台,用于从服务和云原生基础设施收集、分析、聚合和可视化数据。SkyWalking提供了一种简单的方法来维护分布式系统的清晰视图,甚至可以跨云查看。它是一种现代APM,专门为云原生、基于容器的分布式系统设计。
SkyWalking从三个维度对应用进行监视:service(服务), service instance(实例), endpoint(端点)
【资料图】
服务和实例就不多说了,端点是服务中的某个路径或者说URI
SkyWalking allows users to understand the topology relationship between Services and Endpoints, to view the metrics of every Service/Service Instance/Endpoint and to set alarm rules.
SkyWalking允许用户了解服务和端点之间的拓扑关系,查看每个服务/服务实例/端点的度量,并设置警报规则。
1.1. 架构
SkyWalking逻辑上分为四个部分:Probes(探针), Platform backend(平台后端), Storage(存储), UI
这个结构就很清晰了,探针就是Agent负责采集数据并上报给服务端,服务端对数据进行处理和存储,UI负责展示
2. 下载与安装
SkyWalking有两中版本,ES版本和非ES版。如果我们决定采用ElasticSearch作为存储,那么就下载es版本。
https://skywalking.apache.org/downloads/
https://archive.apache.org/dist/skywalking/
agent目录将来要拷贝到各服务所在机器上用作探针bin目录是服务启动脚本config目录是配置文件oap-libs目录是oap服务运行所需的jar包webapp目录是web服务运行所需的jar包接下来,要选择存储了,支持的存储有:
H2ElasticSearch 6, 7MySQLTiDBInfluxDB作为监控系统,首先排除H2和MySQL,这里推荐InfluxDB,它本身就是时序数据库,非常适合这种场景
但是InfluxDB我不是很熟悉,所以这里先用ElasticSearch7
https://github.com/apache/skywalking/blob/master/docs/en/setup/backend/backend-storage.md
2.1. 安装ElasticSearch
https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/7.10/targz.html
启动
./bin/elasticsearch-d-ppid
#停止
pkill-Fpid
ElasticSearch7.x需要Java 11以上的版本,但是如果你设置了环境变量JAVA_HOME的话,它会用你自己的Java版本
通常,启动过程中会报以下三个错误:
[1]:maxfiledescriptors[4096]forelasticsearchprocessistoolow,increasetoatleast[65535]
[2]:maxvirtualmemoryareasvm.max_map_count[65530]istoolow,increasetoatleast[262144]
[3]:thedefaultdiscoverysettingsareunsuitableforproductionuse;atleastoneof[discovery.seed_hosts,discovery.seed_providers,cluster.initial_master_nodes]mustbeconfigured
解决方法:
在 /etc/security/limits.conf 文件中追加以下内容:
在 /etc/security/limits.conf 文件中追加以下内容:
*softnofile65536
*hardnofile65536
*softnproc4096
*hardnproc4096
可通过以下四个命令查看修改结果:
ulimit-Hn
ulimit-Sn
ulimit-Hu
ulimit-Su
修改/etc/sysctl.conf 文件,追加以下内容:
vm.max_map_count=262144
修改es配置文件 elasticsearch.yml 取消注释,保留一个节点
cluster.initial_master_nodes:["node-1"]
为了能够ip:port方式访问,还需修改网络配置
network.host:0.0.0.0
修改完是这样的:
至此,ElasticSearch算是启动成功了
接下来,在 config/application.yml 中配置es地址即可
storage:
selector:${SW_STORAGE:elasticsearch7}
elasticsearch7:
clusterNodes:${SW_STORAGE_ES_CLUSTER_NODES:192.168.100.19:9200}
2.2. 安装Agent
https://github.com/apache/skywalking/blob/v8.2.0/docs/en/setup/service-agent/java-agent/README.md
将agent目录拷贝至各服务所在的机器上
scp-r./agentchengjs@192.168.100.12:~/
这里,我将它拷贝至各个服务目录下:
plugins是探针用到各种插件,SkyWalking插件都是即插即用的,可以把optional-plugins中的插件放到plugins中
修改 agent/config/agent.config 配置文件,也可以通过命令行参数指定
主要是配置服务名称和后端服务地址
agent.service_name=${SW_AGENT_NAME:user-center}
collector.backend_service=${SW_AGENT_COLLECTOR_BACKEND_SERVICES:192.168.100.17:11800}
当然,也可以通过环境变量或系统属性的方式来设置,例如:
exportSW_AGENT_COLLECTOR_BACKEND_SERVICES=127.0.0.1:11800
最后,在服务启动的时候用命令行参数 -javaagent 来指定探针
java-javaagent:/path/to/skywalking-agent/skywalking-agent.jar-jaryourApp.jar
例如:
java-javaagent:./agent/skywalking-agent.jar-Dspring.profiles.active=dev-Xms512m-Xmx1024m-jardemo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
3. 启动服务
修改 webapp/webapp.yml 文件,更改端口号及后端服务地址
server:
port:8080
collector:
path:/graphql
ribbon:
ReadTimeout:10000
#Pointtoallbackend"srestHost:restPort,splitby,
listOfServers:127.0.0.1:12800
启动服务
bin/startup.sh
或者分别依次启动
bin/oapService.sh
bin/webappService.sh
查看logs目录下的日志文件,看是否启动成功
浏览器访问 http://127.0.0.1:8080
4 告警
编辑 alarm-settings.yml 设置告警规则和通知
https://github.com/apache/skywalking/blob/v8.2.0/docs/en/setup/backend/backend-alarm.md
重点说下告警通知
为了使用钉钉机器人通知,接下来,新建一个项目
"1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
"http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
4.0.0
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-parent
2.4.0
com.wt.monitor
skywalking-alarm
1.0.0-SNAPSHOT
skywalking-alarm
1.8
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-web
com.aliyun
alibaba-dingtalk-service-sdk
1.0.1
commons-codec
commons-codec
1.15
com.alibaba
fastjson
1.2.75
org.projectlombok
lombok
true
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-maven-plugin
定义告警消息实体类
packagecom.wt.monitor.skywalking.alarm.domain;importlombok.Data;importjava.io.Serializable;/***@authorChengJianSheng
*@date2020/12/1*/@DatapublicclassAlarmMessageDTOimplementsSerializable{privateintscopeId;privateStringscope;/***Targetscopeentityname*/
privateStringname;privateStringid0;privateStringid1;privateStringruleName;/***Alarmtextmessage*/
privateStringalarmMessage;/***Alarmtimemeasuredinmilliseconds*/
privatelongstartTime;
}
发送钉钉机器人消息
packagecom.wt.monitor.skywalking.alarm.service;importcom.dingtalk.api.DefaultDingTalkClient;importcom.dingtalk.api.DingTalkClient;importcom.dingtalk.api.request.OapiRobotSendRequest;importcom.taobao.api.ApiException;importlombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;importorg.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;importorg.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;importorg.springframework.stereotype.Service;importjavax.crypto.Mac;importjavax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;importjava.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;importjava.net.URLEncoder;importjava.security.InvalidKeyException;importjava.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;/***https://ding-doc.dingtalk.com/doc#/serverapi2/qf2nxq
*@author
*@data
@ServicepublicclassDingTalkAlarmService{
@Value("${dingtalk.webhook}")privateStringwebhook;
@Value("${dingtalk.secret}")privateStringsecret;publicvoidsendMessage(Stringcontent){try{
Longtimestamp=System.currentTimeMillis();
StringstringToSign=timestamp+"\n"+secret;
Macmac=Mac.getInstance("HmacSHA256");
mac.init(newSecretKeySpec(secret.getBytes("UTF-8"),"HmacSHA256"));byte[]signData=mac.doFinal(stringToSign.getBytes("UTF-8"));
Stringsign=URLEncoder.encode(newString(Base64.encodeBase64(signData)),"UTF-8");
StringserverUrl=webhook+"×tamp="+timestamp+"&sign="+sign;
DingTalkClientclient=newDefaultDingTalkClient(serverUrl);
OapiRobotSendRequestrequest=newOapiRobotSendRequest();
request.setMsgtype("text");
OapiRobotSendRequest.Texttext=newOapiRobotSendRequest.Text();
text.setContent(content);
request.setText(text);
client.execute(request);
}catch(ApiExceptione){
e.printStackTrace();
log.error(e.getMessage(),e);
}catch(NoSuchAlgorithmExceptione){
e.printStackTrace();
log.error(e.getMessage(),e);
}catch(UnsupportedEncodingExceptione){
e.printStackTrace();
log.error(e.getMessage(),e);
}catch(InvalidKeyExceptione){
e.printStackTrace();
log.error(e.getMessage(),e);
}
}
}
AlarmController.java
packagecom.wt.monitor.skywalking.alarm.controller;importcom.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;importcom.wt.monitor.skywalking.alarm.domain.AlarmMessageDTO;importcom.wt.monitor.skywalking.alarm.service.DingTalkAlarmService;importlombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;importorg.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;importjava.text.MessageFormat;importjava.util.List;/***@authorChengJianSheng
*@date
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/skywalking")publicclassAlarmController{
@AutowiredprivateDingTalkAlarmServicedingTalkAlarmService;
@PostMapping("/alarm")publicvoidalarm(@RequestBodyListalarmMessageDTOList){
log.info("收到告警信息:{}",JSON.toJSONString(alarmMessageDTOList));if(null!=alarmMessageDTOList){
alarmMessageDTOList.forEach(e->dingTalkAlarmService.sendMessage(MessageFormat.format("-----来自SkyWalking的告警-----\n【名称】:{0}\n【消息】:{1}\n",e.getName(),e.getAlarmMessage())));
}
}
}